George Will says Mitt Romney is hurting conservatism. Does it matter? (The Christian Science Monitor)

Conservative columnist George Will says Mitt Romney ?is a recidivist reviser of his principles who is not only becoming less electable; he might damage GOP chances of capturing the Senate.?

Don?t hold back, Mr. Will, tell us more about the man who would be president:

?Republicans may have found their Michael Dukakis,? he writes, ?a technocratic Massachusetts governor who takes his bearings from ?data? ? and who believes elections should be about (in Dukakis?s words) ?competence,? not ?ideology.? ? Has conservatism come so far, surmounting so many obstacles, to settle, at a moment of economic crisis, for this??

MONITOR QUIZ: Weekly news quiz for Oct. 24-28, 2011

People pay attention to Will ? a Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist syndicated by the Washington Post and a regular TV news analyst for ABC once described by the Wall Street Journal as "perhaps the most powerful journalist in America.?

Apparently, what?s gotten under Will?s skin is what he says is Romney?s penchant for ?straddling? issues, sometimes ending up with a ?policy pretzel.?

Will may be unfairly harsh (he sometimes writes as if he?s just sucked a lemon or his tie is too tight), but he does reflect concern among other prominent conservatives.

RELATED: 5 best books by 2012 presidential hopefuls

?Consider, for example, a few pages from the opposition research book the McCain camp prepared against Mitt Romney in 2008,? Erick Erickson of RedState.com blogged Friday. ?There was an entire section on Romney?s flip-flops.?

?The most striking thing to me is that some of Mitt Romney?s positions have flipped again for 2012,? Erickson writes. ?Romney has a real trust problem he has to overcome. It seems too much an opportunist. Republicans are happy to support him, but they sure don?t want to settle for him.?

That?s the view of many neutral observers as well.

?Even as Republicans come around to the idea that Romney may be their strongest opponent for President Obama, many are still convinced that a Romney presidency would represent a historic missed opportunity for the right,? writes Alexander Burns at Politico.com. ?George Will may be the most important establishment voice to come out and say so directly.?

There was evidence of that in Saturday?s Iowa Poll, which had Romney one point behind Herman Cain (23-22 percent among likely participants in Iowa?s Republican nominating caucuses next January).

?The survey lays bare some serious vulnerabilities for the steady-as-he-goes Romney, despite months among the leaders of national polls and the plaudits he?s won as a debater,? writes Jennifer Jacobs, chief political writer for the Des Moines Register, the newspaper which sponsors the Iowa Poll. ?The former Massachusetts governor earns the support of just 10 percent of those who say they definitely plan to vote in the caucuses (Cain is at 27 percent). And Cain dominates Romney among those who identify themselves as very conservative, by more than 3 to 1.?

?Another factor favoring Cain over Romney: More than half of likely caucus goers think a representative of the core conservative base can win the White House in 2012,? Jacobs writes. ?Only a third see a need to select a more moderate candidate with appeal to independents.

Trying to appeal to that core conservative base usually means appearances on Fox News. (And if things don?t work out in the elections, you can always get a nicely-paid gig like Mike Huckabee or Sarah Palin.)

Having talked at length with Rick Perry Sunday, Fox News host Chris Wallace took a poke at Romney about that.

"With Governor Perry's appearance, we have now interviewed all of the major Republican candidates in our 2012 one-on-one series except Mitt Romney," Wallace said. "He's not appeared on this program or any Sunday talk show since March of 2010. We invited Governor Mitt Romney again this week, but his campaign says he's still not ready to sit down for an interview."

One more thing that probably didn?t make Mitt Romney?s day.

When you do an Internet search for ?Romney can win,? Google suggests that you may have mistyped that and comes back with the results for ?Romney can?t win.?

Nothing politically underhanded or Freudian there, says Google.

"Our spellcheck feature is automated, and while no algorithm is perfect, we're always working to improve our search quality," a Google spokesperson told CBS?s Political Hotsheet. "Last year, we launched roughly 500 improvements to our search algorithm."

MONITOR QUIZ: Weekly news quiz for Oct. 24-28, 2011

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Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/gop/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/csm/20111030/ts_csm/418728

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Video: Peanut butter no longer a cheap treat

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Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21134540/vp/45096623#45096623

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Cheap Car Insurance Seem Inside of To Find out How You Can Get ...

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Cheap Car Insurance Comparison

Source: http://estateof.com/2011/10/30/cheap-car-insurance-seem-inside-of-to-find-out-how-you-can-get-cheap-car-insurance-premiums-with-ease/

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November 9th communications shutdown: A system reboot needed ...

John Boering

My take on the communications shutdown:

In what is obviously a muscle flexing exercise meant to show the public just how much power and control the federal government really has, all communications will be cut off for an estimated three minutes on November 9^th, 2011.?

Claiming this is a test of the emergency response system, the terror alert system, and any other excuse they can come up with, Fema (that would be the same FEMA in charge of those camps they deny exist) will conduct a complete communications shutdown: all TV, radio, internet, and phone systems will be disabled simultaneously. This will be at 1:00 CST.?

I am trying to figure out what kind of national emergency would require cutting all communications, broadcasts and internet use?? Maybe an emergency in which the government itself feels threatened by ??.the people?? If this were a test to make sure the system was intact in the event of an emergency I could understand it.? But that isn?t what this is.? This is a test meant to ensure that the apparatus is in place and operational in the event the government wants to prevent communication between citizens: this is a test to make sure they CAN shut it all down if they choose to.??

Think Egypt here.? As the protest crowds grew in Egypt, what did the government do? They shut down all cell phones and internet access in an effort to halt communications. It didn?t stop anything, the crowds still grew, but the idea behind this action was clear.?

I believe what is actually behind this might be the downloading of some kind of code needed to make the shut-down apparatus work efficiently.? Think about your cable system if you have one or even an upgrade to many computer programs.? A new code must be downloaded and installed, then the system shutdown and re-booted for the changes to take effect.? And, just like these coded program changes in computers and cable, once you re-boot, whatever was newly installed is activated and just runs silently behind the scenes.? In fact, in almost every case, you are not even aware of what changes were made. I have a strange feeling this is what is happening here.? I also think this is somehow attached to the all-digital system they forced everyone onto a few years back.?

Being a rather rational and logical person, the idea of shutting off communications of all kinds during a national emergency just doesn?t make any sense to me.? Why would anyone want to do that? ?Wouldn?t your first reaction be to make sure communications were all intact and operational? ?Unless of course, their definition of an emergency is something other than say extreme weather, floods or things of that kind.?

In what kind of emergency situation would it benefit the public to have all communications shut down?? I can?t even think of one.

If I were the government I could see where it could be really handy especially in light of the steady growing unrest across the country. Of course their phones, computers and broadcast systems would all be working just fine as their communications systems are independent of the system the public uses.?

We have long since passed the point where we can trust government on any level.? This impending communications shut down is only a test run for something far more serious.? This is not about public safety, emergency response or any of the other fluff and hype put out to try and explain why the government would engage in such a test.? In my opinion, this is merely a test run for a future event which could be catastrophic as far as the general public is concerned.

?Keep your eyes and ears open??.something is afoot here and it doesn?t look good for most of us.

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Source: http://ppjg.wordpress.com/2011/10/29/november-9th-communications-shutdown-a-system-reboot-needed-to-activate-new-code/

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The Original Kitchen iPad Rack Has Been Updated

Last December, Julie told us?about the Original Kitchen iPad Rack. ?The designers have been busy since then, and they’ve refined their design. ?Now, the mounting bracket is made of clear acrylic so it almost disappears from view when the shelf is removed (see the bottom picture). ?Good news for apartment dwellers who can’t drive screws [...]

Source: http://the-gadgeteer.com/2011/10/28/the-original-kitchen-ipad-rack-has-been-updated/

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Rules change gives royal girls equal shot at crown (AP)

LONDON ? If Will and Kate's first child is a girl, it's now clear that she'll probably become queen one day ? and not even getting a little brother can mess that up.

The Commonwealth countries agreed Friday to change centuries-old rules of succession that put sons on the throne ahead of any older sisters. So that hypothetical daughter of Prince William and Kate Middleton ? now known as Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge ? would have a prime place in history: the first princess to beat out any younger brothers and accede to the throne.

Had these rules been in place in the 1500s, Henry VIII would have just been a rather large historical footnote.

The move is a baby step: Before taking effect, the changes still must be approved by the legislatures of the 16 nations where Queen Elizabeth II is head of state. Still, the agreement, which was reached at a meeting of Commonwealth nations in Perth, Australia, represents a triumph over practices now considered outdated and sexist in much of the world.

Nations including Sweden, Belgium, the Netherlands and Norway have already taken similar steps.

Will and Kate's lavish April wedding renewed a decades-long debate over succession.

Middleton told a well-wisher in Canada this summer that she hopes to start a family. William has said the same.

Once their honeymoon was over, baby talk started, adding urgency to the dialogue, although officials insist that talk of a pregnancy is premature.

Historians think it's about time.

"You shouldn't muck around too much with the constitution, but it's a good idea to change this at this time," said royal expert Hugo Vickers. "It's much better to have it sorted out before any babies come along."

The new rules would only apply to future heirs and would have no impact on the current line of succession.

William is second in line to the throne after his father, Prince Charles, who is the queen's firstborn child. Charles' sister, Anne, is lower in the line of succession than her younger brothers Andrew and Edward by virtue of their male gender.

Charles had only sons, William and Prince Harry, so the issue of gender was never raised.

In 2009, the government of then-Prime Minister Gordon Brown considered a bill that would end the custom of putting males ahead of females in the succession line. It also would lift a ban on British monarchs marrying Roman Catholics. The government did not have time to pursue it before Brown left office.

The rule has kept women from succeeding to the throne in the past. Queen Victoria's first child was a daughter ? also called Victoria ? but it was her younger brother who became King Edward VII.

If Queen Victoria had been able to pass her crown to her firstborn, Britain's Princess Victoria would have had a brief reign before her death in 1901.

That would have made her son ? Wilhelm II, who at that time was the German Kaiser ? king. With Wilhelm II ruling both Germany and Britain, there may not have been two world wars.

Earlier history might also have been drastically different if women had had equal rights to the throne.

Neither Henry VIII nor Charles I would have been king because both had older sisters who, under the new rules, would have been monarch.

As king, Henry VIII set in motion the creation of the Church of England. His six marriages left an insecure succession ? one sickly son and two princesses, according to the monarchy's official website. Charles I's reign in the 17th century led to a bloody civil war.

Prince William and his wife have been credited with freshening up a staid monarchy, and new succession rules seem to fit right in.

"In this day and age, why should a royal son be more important than a royal daughter?" said Joe Little, managing editor of Majesty magazine.

The same goes for the decision Friday in Perth to lift a ban on monarchs marrying Roman Catholics. Critics had called the rule blatantly discriminatory since royals are free to wed Jews, Muslims, Hindus or members of any other religion. "Britain is no longer the religious country that it once was," Little said. "While not denigrating the importance of religion, it plays much less of a role now then it did 60 years ago."

Still, some Britons are wary of a Catholic monarch.

"The pope is responsible for some horrors," said Anna Marsh, 73, who was cycling in London.

Her biking buddy Jill Gregory, 71, was fine with the idea ? and also fully in favor of giving firstborn girls an equal right to the throne.

"In terms of ability, I don't think women are any different than men," Gregory said, pointing to the queen and her late mother.

Elizabeth II succeeded her father, King George VI, because he had no sons. If she had had a younger brother, he would have jumped above her in the line of succession.

Prime Minister David Cameron had pushed for the changes, calling it a matter of equality.

New Zealand will now chair a working group of Commonwealth countries to discuss how to accomplish the reforms. It's not a simple process. Getting all 16 countries to begin the legislative changes is what has held them up for decades.

However long it takes, Patricia Wager of London said it would clear up something that should not be an issue in the modern world.

"It's a good idea, and a long time coming," she said.

___

Associated Press writer Danica Kirka contributed to this report.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/europe/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111028/ap_on_re_eu/eu_britain_girls_rule

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Feds tighten belt by cutting agriculture reports (Providence Journal)

Share With Friends: | | Politics - Top Stories News, RSS Feeds and Widgets via Feedzilla.

Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/154506597?client_source=feed&format=rss

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Liz Taylor's nuptial bed in Scottish Victoriana sale (Reuters)

EDINBURGH (Reuters) ? One of the world's finest private collections of 19th century Victoriana goes under the hammer at auction in Edinburgh next week, including a four-poster bed in which Hollywood actress Elizabeth Taylor celebrated the last of her many honeymoons.

The collection -- amassed by the Forbes family in the United States -- includes furnishings, including paintings, furniture, household wares - and framed items of Queen Victoria's underwear - from Old Battersea House on the south bank of London's Thames river opposite Chelsea.

There is also a painting of Victoria on horseback with her Scottish servant John Brown holding the reins. She commissioned the painting from a photographer to present to Brown on his 50th birthday, and it remained in the family until it was sold and added to the Forbes collection in the 1980s.

Other works include a picture of Victoria and royal consort Prince Albert painted by themselves, and pictures of other Victorian notables ranging from an aging Duke of Wellington to politicians such as Benjamin Disraeli.

London-born Elizabeth Taylor, who died in March in Los Angeles aged 79, made Old Battersea House her base in London and celebrated her honeymoon with the last of her seven husbands Larry Fortensky there. She was married eight times, including twice to Richard Burton. Also on sale are twin beds once occupied by late U.S. President Ronald Reagan and his wife.

Officials of the Lyon and Turnbull auction house anticipate the sale next Tuesday could bring in up to three 3 million pounds ($4,8 million).

American art expert Curt DiCamillo told Reuters the sale of probably the finest private collection of Victoriana in the world was also expected to raise considerable interest in the United States.

"There is a lot of interest in the U.S. where the Forbes family is regarded as American "royalty" - it's not so much that they're interested in the period - although there is a fascination with the British royal family -- but they just want something from the Forbes house," he said.

Malcolm Forbes, editor-in-chief of Forbes Magazine who died in 1990, bought Old Battersea House after clambering over a fence in 1971 to see the derelict building. He restored the mansion, whose foundations date back to Tudor times and which is now on sale with an asking price of 12 million pounds.

DiCamillo said the Forbes collection apparently started after Malcolm phoned his son Christopher "Kip" Forbes and told him he had just bought a French impressionist for several million pounds. Kip - himself an art lover -- reputedly said that for that amount he could put together the world's finest collection of Victoriana. And so it started.

The Forbes family has its roots in Scotland, where Malcolm's father Bertie - a journalist who emigrated to the United States in 1903 and founded Forbes Magazine in 1917 - was born in the Aberdeen area. Auction officials said the family had given no reason for selling off the contents of Old Battersea House.

"But times and tastes change, you know," one said.

($1 = 0.623 British Pounds)

(Edited by Paul Casciato)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/movies/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111028/people_nm/us_auction_victoriana_edinburgh

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New kidnapping charges in Philadelphia basement captives case (Reuters)

PHILADELPHIA (Reuters) ? New charges of kidnapping and assault have been filed against three people accused of holding captives in a Philadelphia basement, this time for a bruised and scarred 19-year-old woman kept in a locked closet, authorities said on Friday.

When police found her at an undisclosed location in Philadelphia, the woman had hand fractures, a healing leg fracture, bruising around her left eye, and several scars on her body, according to a statement from the district attorney's office.

"The victim was only let out of the closet twice a day to eat and occasionally use the bathroom," the statement said.

She was identified only as a relative of one of the suspects, who include Linda Ann Weston, 51, her daughter Jean McIntosh, 32, and Eddie Wright, 50, whom police have described as homeless.

Her age and condition, however, are consistent with that of Beatrice Weston, who is Linda Weston's niece. Police Commissioner Charles Ramsey said last week Beatrice Weston was in such poor condition when police found her that, "It is remarkable that she is alive."

Police believe Linda Weston was the ringleader in a scheme to steal Social Security benefits.

In that scheme, the suspects and a fourth person, Gregory Thomas, 47, are charged with keeping four mentally challenged adults locked in a dank, dirty furnace room beneath an apartment house in the city's Tacony section.

Bail in the new kidnapping case was set at $2 million for Wright and Linda Weston, and $1 million for McIntosh. That bail is in addition to bail set in the Tacony kidnapping case, which was $2.5 million for Wright and Linda Weston and $1 million for McIntosh.

Thomas was being held on $2.5 million bail in the Tacony case.

Police were still working to unravel the multi-state travels of Linda Weston, and the discovery at the Philadelphia apartment of about 50 Social Security numbers and other documents, suggesting there may be dozens of other victims.

(Editing by Barbara Goldberg and Jerry Norton)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/us/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111028/us_nm/us_captives_pennsylvania

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Halloween doesn't have to be gorge-fest to be fun

FILE - In this Friday, Oct. 29, 2010 file photo, Hannah Moos, 5, dressed as a bunch of grapes, asks for candy with her father Kyle, of Melba, Idaho at a Halloween event in downtown Nampa, Idaho. Dentists and dieticians say one can still make Halloween reasonably healthy for kids without resorting to tactics like no candy. (AP Photo/Idaho Press-Tribune, Charlie Litchfield)

FILE - In this Friday, Oct. 29, 2010 file photo, Hannah Moos, 5, dressed as a bunch of grapes, asks for candy with her father Kyle, of Melba, Idaho at a Halloween event in downtown Nampa, Idaho. Dentists and dieticians say one can still make Halloween reasonably healthy for kids without resorting to tactics like no candy. (AP Photo/Idaho Press-Tribune, Charlie Litchfield)

CHICAGO (AP) ? Offer apples to trick-or-treaters and risk having your house get egged ? maybe even by your own kids.

But dentists and dietitians say you can still make Halloween reasonably healthy for little devils and witches without resorting to dracul-onian tactics, like no candy.

"This is such a big adventure for them ? let them have it, obviously with some caveats," said Dr. Rhea Haugseth, a dentist in Marietta, Ga., who's president of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry

There are tricks for keeping Halloween fun without risking cavities and extra pounds, like handing out dark chocolate instead of chewy candies or even bribing kids with a toy in exchange for the Halloween loot. Some studies have suggested dark chocolate is good for the heart, and chewy candies stick to the teeth.

Just don't go overboard on restrictions, says Cole Robbins, a Chicago 12-year-old and Halloween veteran.

"Halloween is the one day of the year where we kids just kind of break out and overload on candy," he said.

To help prevent that kind of gorging, try to give children a healthy, filling meal before trick-or-treating, says Bethany Thayer, a spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association who works at the Henry Ford Health System in Detroit.

Procrastinators, take heart. Thayer also recommends waiting until Halloween day before buying candy, so no one is tempted to indulge beforehand.

"I know people who have to go back to the store because they've completely gone through their candy" before Halloween, she said.

Haugseth suggests avoiding cavity-promoting treats like caramels that stick to the teeth, or lollipops that bathe teeth in a long sugary bath.

Also, having kids brush their teeth before trick-or-treating helps reduce plaque and bacteria, which interact with sugar to produce tooth-decaying acid, Haugseth said. Kids should also brush right after eating candy, she said.

Ronni Litz Julien, a Miami nutritionist whose patients include overweight and obese kids, says another trick for parents is to ask kids not to dip into their loot bags until they bring it all home. That's for safety, so parents can toss any suspicious-looking candy, but it also can prevent an "eating frenzy."

She suggests parents help sort through the loot, have kids select their 10 favorite pieces, and give the rest away. Offer the choice of eating all 10 pieces at once, or over 10 days. That gives them a sense of control, without feeling shortchanged, she said.

"You can't deprive them. It's Halloween, for God's sake," she said.

President Barack Obama joked this week on "The Tonight Show" that he'd warned his health-promoting wife that the White House would get egged if she gave trick-or-treaters fresh fruit and raisins instead of candy. During festivities on Saturday, the Obamas will hand out White House M&Ms, cookies and dried fruit as they did the past two years.

Dr. Janet Silverstein, a Gainesville, Fla. pediatrician and member of the American Academy of Pediatrics' nutrition committee, says she doesn't give out candy, offering fruit or pencils instead; so far her house is unscathed.

When her own children were young, Silverstein would buy their candy for a nickel a piece. She recommends that to her patients' parents, too ? though not necessarily her other solution ? she used to eat her kids' candy.

In some places, kids willing to give up their candy can make more than a nickel. About 1,500 dentists across the country have agreed this year to participate in a Halloween candy buyback organized by Operation Gratitude. The California-based group periodically sends care packages to U.S. troops overseas. Some dentists pay kids $1 per pound of Halloween candy; last year, the program brought in 250,000 pounds of candy, said Carolyn Blashek, founder of the Van Nuys, Calif.-based group.

Blashek said troops overseas appreciate it as a token of gratitude, and Halloween candy brings back lots of fond childhood memories. Some have given their candy to Afghan children, she noted. Entering your ZIP code on the group's website, http://bit.ly/F1iSy will identify participating dentists.

Parents who plan to encourage giving up candy should be sure not to take it right away, says Brian Wansink, a Cornell University food behavior scientist and author of "Mindless Eating: Why We Eat More Than We Think."

That's because of a psychology principle called "the endowment effect." It refers to kids feeling a sense of ownership and putting a high value on candy they haul in.

If you let them eat several pieces first, that feeling can fade and they won't even feel hungry anymore. That's the time to offer a trade, Wansink said.

He's tried that trick with his own three daughters, aged 2, 4, and 6, and says "it works like a charm." His girls eagerly give up the rest of their Halloween candy in exchange for a new trinket or other toy that won't rot their teeth, he said.

Young kids aren't really aware of how much they brought home, and when "they sort of count their booty, that's probably the age where kids shouldn't be trick or treating anymore," he said.

___

American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry: http://www.aapd.org

American Dietetic Association: http://www.eatright.org ___

AP Medical Writer Lindsey Tanner can be reached at http://www.twitter.com/LindseyTanner

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2011-10-28-Halloween-Kids%20and%20Candy/id-7effa734ea8d48caae04a799ad04dc43

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U.S. plans "virtual embassy" for Iran: Clinton (Reuters)

WASHINGTON (Reuters) ? The United States plans to open a "virtual embassy" for Iran that will give Iranians online information about visas and student exchange programs despite the lack of formal diplomatic ties, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said on Wednesday.

Clinton, in interviews with the Persian language services of the BBC and Voice of America, defended U.S. sanctions against Iran and said Washington had a strong criminal case linking Tehran to a plot to assassinate the Saudi ambassador in Washington.

Clinton used both interviews to stress that the United States hoped to broaden contacts with regular Iranians despite tensions with the Tehran government, which she said was being transformed into a military dictatorship.

"My goal in speaking to you today is to clearly communicate to the people of Iran, particularly the very large population of young people, that the United States has no argument with you. We want to support your aspirations.

"We would be thrilled if tomorrow the regime in Iran had a change of mind," she told the Voice of America.

Clinton said the "virtual embassy" web site would be open by the end of the year and it would provide Iranians with information on visas and other programs.

The United States broke formal diplomatic relations with Tehran in 1980 following the Iran hostage crisis, and ties have remained tense amid disputes over Iran's nuclear program and U.S. charges that Iran is the most active state sponsor of terrorism around the world.

In his waning months in office, President George W. Bush weighed opening a U.S. Interests Section, which could issue visas, in Tehran, but ultimately decided against it.

Clinton said the United States was providing both technology and training to help Iranians circumvent government limits on the Internet and other forms of communication while seeking to expand sanctions on Tehran.

She acknowledged economic sanctions sometimes caused difficulties for average Iranians, but said they were the best tool to pressure Iran's leaders.

POWER STRUGGLE?

"We see disturbing trends and actions having to do with the continuing covert effort to build a nuclear weapons program ... with a lot of deception, a lot of lying to the International Atomic Energy Agency and the rest of the international community," Clinton told the BBC.

"We see aggressive behavior toward neighbors in the region, we see efforts to try to hijack and undermine the so-called Arab Spring awakening," She said. "We do not want a conflict with Iran but we do want to see the rulers of Iran change their outlook and their behavior."

Clinton said the door remained opened to talks with Tehran on its nuclear program, although she suggested the outlook was complicated by political divisions within the Iranian government itself.

"I believe there's a power struggle going on inside the regime and they can't sort out what they really are willing to do until they sort out who's going to do what," she said.

Clinton said she was aware that many people around the world were skeptical about U.S. charges this month that Iran was tied to a plot to kill the Saudi ambassador, but said she believed Washington had a strong case.

"I taught criminal law some years ago. It's a very strong case. It certainly raises the right questions and I think it will be a successful case," she told the BBC.

Iran has rejected the U.S. accusation as a fabrication designed to sow discord in the oil-rich Gulf.

Clinton said details of the case, in which two Iranians with security links are accused of seeking to kill the Saudi ambassador with help from members of a Mexican drug cartel, reflected a broader pattern of dangerous behavior by the Quds Force, the covert operations arm of Iran's powerful Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps.

"I understand people questioning it because it was such a shocking plot. It was shocking to us when we uncovered it," Clinton told Voice of America.

"They've gotten more reckless," Clinton told the BBC, saying the alleged plot was an attempt by the Quds Force "to thumb their nose at the Americans."

(Editing by Todd Eastham)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/tech/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111026/pl_nm/us_iran_usa

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Why Coldplay and Adele Aren't Bringing New Albums to Spotify (Mashable)

Coldplay isn't making its latest album, Mylo Xyloto, available on Spotify or any other streaming music subscription service. Fans will either need to purchase physical copies or MP3 downloads from places like Apple's iTunes store, Microsoft's Zune store or Amazon.

[More from Mashable: Google Execs Are Scary Monsters Thanks to New Creative Kit]

The reason for the decision isn't entirely clear. An anonymous industry source told Cnet that Coldplay wants Mylo Xyloto to be heard as "one cohesive work" -- which hardly makes any sense, given that the songs are available for individual purchase online.

The decision is more likely financially motivated. As one of the world's best-selling music artists, Coldplay stands to make a great deal more money by encouraging the tens of millions of consumers who have streaming music subscriptions to purchase the songs.

[More from Mashable: Microsoft Sketches Its Vision for the Near Future [VIDEO]]

Recording artists only make about three-tenths of a cent every time one of their songs is streamed, and 20 cents for every song sold on iTunes, according to estimates published in Rolling Stone.

The decision not to stream appears to be an effective one, as The Guardian points out. Adele's latest album, 21 -- which hasn't been made available on Spotify -- recently broke sales records worldwide. And Mylo Xyloto is on track to hit number one.

SEE ALSO: 11 Apps and Services for Sharing, Discovering and Organizing Music

In an emailed statement, the band's record label, EMI, said, "We always work with our artists and management on a case-by-case basis to deliver the best outcome for each release."

Spotify, for its part, said that it respects Coldplay's decision not to have its music on Spotify, whatever the reason. "We do however hope that they will change their minds as we?believe that the Spotify model is adding, and will continue to add, huge value to the music industry," a spokesperson said. "Right now we have already convinced millions of consumers to pay for music again, and ? as we increase in scale, we will continue to re-educate millions of additional consumers as to the value of music, and we will thereby revitalize artists' ability to make music and make money from it."

Rhapsody declined to comment.

---

---

For popular, established artists such as Coldplay and Adele, electing to withhold their new releases from streaming services -- for some time, at least -- is likely a financially savvy strategy.

This is not necessarily the case for less established artists. Speaking of its client Idle Warship's decision to distribute its latest album on Spotify three weeks before its official release, Element 9 VP Stu Pflaum said, "I think we gain more than we lose, especially with an underground project like Idle Warship where it's not that well known. Just getting the music in people's hands is the ultimate goal."

"Our web traffic has more than tripled in terms of site visitors and discussion," he said in a separate interview with Billboard. "Nobody is pirating the album even after we've distributed promo copies. And most importantly, we're getting real-time feedback from listeners on which tracks they favor and are able to adjust our marketing accordingly with most of our budget still intact. The group and the album have a legitimate buzz now."

It will be interesting to see whether a trend is established among best-selling and lesser-known artists, and the timeliness with which each group releases new songs and albums on streaming music services.

This story originally published on Mashable here.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/digitalmusic/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/mashable/20111027/tc_mashable/why_coldplay_and_adele_arent_bringing_new_albums_to_spotify

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Dropbox for Teams Brings Cloud Storage to Business Users [Dropbox]

Dropbox, our favorite cloud storage provider, has introduced a new service aimed at businesses called Dropbox for Teams.

Five users can get access to 1 terabyte of shared cloud storage for a base price of $795 per year . Additional users cost $125 per year and add 200 gigabytes of storage. The service also includes a new control panel for IT administrators and dedicated phone support. Existing Dropbox users who add Dropbox for Teams will have the option of keeping their personal Dropbox accounts or merging them into the shared storage pool.

While $800 a year sounds pretty expensive by individual user standards, it might be worth looking into if you'd benefit from a more convenient file-sharing and collaboration solution at work.

Dropbox for Teams Information | Dropbox for Teams

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/lifehacker/full/~3/19wQMZiJ8yg/dropbox-for-teams-brings-cloud-storage-to-business-users

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Investing in the Next Generation of National Park Stewards ? News ...

Saguaro National Park, Arizona?Anyone who has participated in a BioBlitz has witnessed the thrill of young people being shown the secrets of nature. Scientists take students into the field and show them the hiding places of mammals, insects, and birds, and the amazing properties of plants and fungi. What looks like an empty wilderness quickly becomes a world teeming with species of every kind. The linkages between species and ultimately our own deep connections with the entire web of life are unveiled.

Lois Morrison serves as executive director of the Harold M. and Adeline S. Morrison Family Foundation, a foundation committed to working in partnership with others to advance economic and ecological health through environmental education programs, particularly to benefit underserved communities.

The foundation has been a steady supporter of the series of annual BioBlitzes hosted by the National Geographic Society and the National Park Service, beginning in 2009 with the BioBlitz in the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore outside Chicago.? I met Morrison at the Saguaro National Park BioBlitz this weekend, where she and her family joined 170 scientists and 2,000 students in the 24-hour inventory of species in the 94,000-acre preserve outside Tucson. Why does the Harold M. and Adeline S. Morrison Family Foundation invest in the BioBlitz, I asked her in the video interview above.

?We invest in areas locally that we care about,? she explained. ?We have come to know and appreciate the BioBlitz sponsored by National Geographic and their incredible partner, the National Park Service. I love it particularly for selecting national parks close to urban areas. It?s an incredible opportunity to engage students in urban areas and connect them to the outdoors and this national treasure in their backyards.?

The BioBlitz is ?a fabulous opportunity to go out in the field with the best scientists ? and to learn firsthand about what treasure [students] have in their backyard,? Morrison continued. ?By learning about it and growing aware of it, they come to love what they have and ultimately, our hope is, that through this process they will want to become stewards and advocates for it as they grow up.?

Morrison said she enjoyed seeing the Saguaro BioBlitz through the eyes of her own children and she watched the reaction of a boy from a local Tucson family after he had found a scorpion under a rock. ?That was probably the highlight of his entire year, and my kids celebrated vicariously with him.?

The scientists help make the science and biodiversity in the park accessible to the students, Morrison observed. ?We went out with an entomologist this morning, who just opened a new world to my kids, and I can just imagine what?s happening to students across the Tucson area because of this.?

With the growing urbanization of the U.S., Morrison added, connecting students to the parks right in their own backyards in urban areas is important not only for the whole national park system but also for protecting ecosystems, whether they are in the parks or not.

Source: http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/2011/10/25/investing-in-the-next-generation-of-national-park-stewards/

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Big dinos hit the road when they needed food

LOS ANGELES?? What did giant plant-munching dinosaurs do when they couldn't find enough to eat in the parched American West? They hit the road.

An analysis of fossilized teeth adds further evidence that the long-necked dinosaurs called sauropods ? the largest land creatures ? went on road trips to fill their gargantuan appetites.

Scientists have long theorized that sauropods foraged for precious resources during droughts because of their preserved tracks and long limbs that were "ideal moving machines" and allowed them to cover long distances, said paleobiologist Matthew Bonnan of Western Illinois University.

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The latest study is the best evidence yet that at least one kind of sauropod "took to the hills in search of food when times got tough in the lowlands," said paleontologist Kristi Curry Rogers at Macalester College in Minnesota.

The new work, published online Wednesday by the journal Nature, was led by geologist Henry Fricke of Colorado College.

The researchers analyzed 32 sauropod teeth collected in Wyoming and Utah. The teeth came from massive plant-eaters that roamed a semi-arid basin in the American West during the late Jurassic period about 150 million years ago.

Scientists can get a glimpse into the source of the dinosaurs' drinking water by comparing the oxygen preserved in the tooth enamel to that found in ancient sediment.

A chemical analysis showed differences in the teeth and the basin where the dinosaurs were buried, meaning they must have wandered hundreds of miles from the flood plains to the highlands for food and water.

Fricke said the movement appeared to be tied to changing seasons. Sauropods left the basin in the summer for higher elevations ? a trek that took about five months ? and returned in the winter.

In lush times, sauropods would have feasted on a diversity of plants including ferns, horsetails, conifers and moss, said John Foster, a curator at the Museum of Western Colorado, who had no part in the research.

Copyright 2011 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/45049887/ns/technology_and_science-science/

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PFT: Colts put Collins on injured reserve

Getty Images

Last week, NFLPA spokesman George Atallah explained to PFT the union?s ongoing concerns regarding the proposed HGH testing procedure, and he acknowledged that the NFLPA surely will be experiencing renewed pressure from Congress based on the union?s position that no agreement was reached on October 14 to commence the collection of blood samples.

The pressure from Congress has been renewed.

Three members of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce have requested that public hearings be held on the issue.? Per Mark Maske of the Washington Post, the request came from Rep. Henry A. Waxman (D-Cal.), Rep. Bobby L. Rush (D-Ill.), and Rep. G.K. Butterfield (D-N.C.) in a letter sent to the committee?s chairman, Rep. Fred Upton (R-Mich.).

It?s the second House committee to show interest in the HGH testing issue.? The House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform arranged the October 14 meeting, via Representatives Darrell Issa (D-Cal.) and Elijah Cummings (D-Md.).

?Committee hearings will allow us to learn about these issues, hearing from top scientists about the validity of HGH testing and from the NFL and the NFLPA about the extent of HGH use in the league and their plans for testing to eliminate such use,? Waxman, Butterfield, and Rush write.? ?We urge you to hold a hearing on this issue as soon as possible.?

The letter, the full text of which has been posted on the committee?s website, also questions the NFLPA?s stated reasons for refusing to proceed, citing former NFL quarterback and CBS analyst Boomer Esiason, who has said that the NFLPA is ducking the deal ??because they have players guilty of using this substance . . . [a]nd there are many who believe it is at least 20 percent in the league.??

The NFL thinks that a hearing isn?t necessary, because in the league?s opinion the NFLPA already has agreed to proceed.? ?We appreciate the committee?s commitment to this issue, but there should be no need for this hearing if the union would simply live up to its agreements,? NFL spokesman Greg Aiello told PFT via email.? ?One was made in August as part of the new CBA to begin testing for HGH and another was reached with Congressmen Issa and Cummings on October 14.? The October 14 agreement was to begin collections immediately and then work out the remaining details of the HGH testing program promptly.? We stand ready to move forward.?

As we?ve explained several times in the past, the NFLPA?s primary concern is that the World Anti-Doping Agency developed the permissible threshold for naturally occurring HGH based on the testing of Olympics athletes, who may have a lower amount than football players.? This would result in players potentially generating false positives.

Then again, if players already are using HGH on a widespread basis (Bucs running back Earnest Graham once pegged the number at 30 percent of the league, and there are whispers that the number could be much higher than that, even though Browns linebacker Scott Fujita told NBC SportsTalk last month that the number is in the range of one percent), a population study including HGH users would potentially give NFL players a buffer zone, thanks to the inclusion in the group to be tested of men who are already using the substance.

?I applaud the members in their request for a hearing and look forward to fully discussing all of these issues as soon as possible,? NFLPA executive director DeMaurice Smith, pictured with Commissioner Roger Goodell on the day the new CBA was signed, said in an email to the Associated Press.? ?We are sending letters to the teams immediately in order to assist Congress in its fact finding mission.?

Though it?s inevitable that HGH testing will be implemented, with each passing day the likelihood of testing during the 2011 season decreases.? And that meshes with the still-lingering theory that the strong resistance among the players to the idea of being stuck with a needle and tested for HGH will result in the players choosing not to re-hire Smith as their leader when his contract expires in March, if HGH testing is implemented before then.

Source: http://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2011/10/25/colts-send-kerry-collins-to-injured-reserve/related/

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Vitamin B-based treatment for corneal disease may offer some patients a permanent solution

Public release date: 24-Oct-2011
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Mary Wade
mwade@aao.org
510-725-5677
American Academy of Ophthalmology

3-year outcomes of clinical trial of collagen crosslinking treatment for keratoconus highlighted at American Academy of Ophthalmology 2011 Annual Meeting

ORLANDO, Fla. October 24, 2011 Patients in the United States who have the cornea-damaging disease keratoconus may soon be able to benefit from a new treatment that is already proving effective in Europe and other parts of the world. The treatment, called collagen crosslinking, improved vision in almost 70 percent of patients treated for keratoconus in a recent three-year clinical trial in Milan, Italy. The treatment is in clinical trials in the United States and is likely to receive FDA approval in 2012. The results of the Milan study are being presented today at the 115th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology in Orlando, Florida.

In a session titled Long-term Results of Corneal Crosslinking for Keratoconus, Paolo Vinciguerra, MD will describe the treatment and three-year follow up of more than 250 keratoconus patients who received collagen crosslinking at his clinic. Sixty-eight percent of the 500 eyes treated gained significant visual acuity, with their results remaining stable at the end of the follow-up period. Patients over age 18 were most likely to improve.

In the collagen crosslinking procedure, riboflavin (vitamin B) is applied to the cornea, which is then exposed to a specific form of ultraviolet light. Collagen fibers regenerate with new bonds forming between them, increasing corneal stiffness and strength. The treatment also combats the causes of keratoconus, reducing the chance that it will recur. The rest of the eye receives only minimal UV exposure during treatment. Dr. Vinciguerra's new study confirms that adverse effects are rare. Previous research by his team indicated no loss of corneal endothelial cell, a measurement used to assess the safety of corneal treatments, in patients who received collagen crosslinking.

"For many people with keratoconus, collagen crosslinking can provide a better and more permanent solution to their vision problems," said Dr. Vinciguerra. "Given that no current treatment in use in the U.S. offers permanent correction, this effective option represents a significant advance for corneal medicine."

One in 2,000 people in the United States and worldwide are diagnosed with keratoconus, a disease that damages the collagen fibers that form the structure of the cornea, which is the outer surface of the eye. The cornea's crucial task is to focus, or "refract," incoming light toward the eye's lens. To perform properly, the cornea needs to be rounded, like the surface of a ball. As keratoconus worsens and the cornea becomes thinner, it may bulge outward in a cone shape, causing nearsightedness and/or astigmatism, making clear vision impossible. As the number of fibers and links between them decline, the cornea loses up to 50 percent of its normal stiffness.

Standard treatments in the U.S., such as specialized eyeglasses, contact lenses, or implanted lenses, cannot permanently correct keratoconus, and none of these treatments address the underlying causes. Severe keratoconus often requires corneal transplant.

###

The 115th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology is in session October 23 through 25 at the Orange County Convention Center in Orlando, Fla. It is the world's largest, most comprehensive ophthalmic education conference. Approximately 25,000 attendees and more than 500 companies gather each year to showcase the latest in ophthalmic technology, products and services. To learn more about the place Where All of Ophthalmology Meets, visit www.aao.org/annual_meeting.

Note to media: Contact Media Relations to arrange interviews with experts.

About the American Academy of Ophthalmology

The American Academy of Ophthalmology is the world's largest association of eye physicians and surgeons Eye M.D.s with more than 30,000 members worldwide. Eye health care is provided by the three "O's" ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians. It is the ophthalmologist, or Eye M.D., who can treat it all: eye diseases, infections and injuries, and perform eye surgery. For more information, visit www.aao.org. The Academy's EyeSmart public education program works to educate the public about the importance of eye health and to empower them to preserve their healthy vision, by providing the most trusted and medically accurate information about eye diseases, conditions and injuries. Visit www.geteyesmart.org to learn more.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 24-Oct-2011
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Mary Wade
mwade@aao.org
510-725-5677
American Academy of Ophthalmology

3-year outcomes of clinical trial of collagen crosslinking treatment for keratoconus highlighted at American Academy of Ophthalmology 2011 Annual Meeting

ORLANDO, Fla. October 24, 2011 Patients in the United States who have the cornea-damaging disease keratoconus may soon be able to benefit from a new treatment that is already proving effective in Europe and other parts of the world. The treatment, called collagen crosslinking, improved vision in almost 70 percent of patients treated for keratoconus in a recent three-year clinical trial in Milan, Italy. The treatment is in clinical trials in the United States and is likely to receive FDA approval in 2012. The results of the Milan study are being presented today at the 115th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology in Orlando, Florida.

In a session titled Long-term Results of Corneal Crosslinking for Keratoconus, Paolo Vinciguerra, MD will describe the treatment and three-year follow up of more than 250 keratoconus patients who received collagen crosslinking at his clinic. Sixty-eight percent of the 500 eyes treated gained significant visual acuity, with their results remaining stable at the end of the follow-up period. Patients over age 18 were most likely to improve.

In the collagen crosslinking procedure, riboflavin (vitamin B) is applied to the cornea, which is then exposed to a specific form of ultraviolet light. Collagen fibers regenerate with new bonds forming between them, increasing corneal stiffness and strength. The treatment also combats the causes of keratoconus, reducing the chance that it will recur. The rest of the eye receives only minimal UV exposure during treatment. Dr. Vinciguerra's new study confirms that adverse effects are rare. Previous research by his team indicated no loss of corneal endothelial cell, a measurement used to assess the safety of corneal treatments, in patients who received collagen crosslinking.

"For many people with keratoconus, collagen crosslinking can provide a better and more permanent solution to their vision problems," said Dr. Vinciguerra. "Given that no current treatment in use in the U.S. offers permanent correction, this effective option represents a significant advance for corneal medicine."

One in 2,000 people in the United States and worldwide are diagnosed with keratoconus, a disease that damages the collagen fibers that form the structure of the cornea, which is the outer surface of the eye. The cornea's crucial task is to focus, or "refract," incoming light toward the eye's lens. To perform properly, the cornea needs to be rounded, like the surface of a ball. As keratoconus worsens and the cornea becomes thinner, it may bulge outward in a cone shape, causing nearsightedness and/or astigmatism, making clear vision impossible. As the number of fibers and links between them decline, the cornea loses up to 50 percent of its normal stiffness.

Standard treatments in the U.S., such as specialized eyeglasses, contact lenses, or implanted lenses, cannot permanently correct keratoconus, and none of these treatments address the underlying causes. Severe keratoconus often requires corneal transplant.

###

The 115th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology is in session October 23 through 25 at the Orange County Convention Center in Orlando, Fla. It is the world's largest, most comprehensive ophthalmic education conference. Approximately 25,000 attendees and more than 500 companies gather each year to showcase the latest in ophthalmic technology, products and services. To learn more about the place Where All of Ophthalmology Meets, visit www.aao.org/annual_meeting.

Note to media: Contact Media Relations to arrange interviews with experts.

About the American Academy of Ophthalmology

The American Academy of Ophthalmology is the world's largest association of eye physicians and surgeons Eye M.D.s with more than 30,000 members worldwide. Eye health care is provided by the three "O's" ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians. It is the ophthalmologist, or Eye M.D., who can treat it all: eye diseases, infections and injuries, and perform eye surgery. For more information, visit www.aao.org. The Academy's EyeSmart public education program works to educate the public about the importance of eye health and to empower them to preserve their healthy vision, by providing the most trusted and medically accurate information about eye diseases, conditions and injuries. Visit www.geteyesmart.org to learn more.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/aaoo-vbt101911.php

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HBT: Live blog on Game 4 of World Series

8:41: Eighth place hitter Mike Napoli. That sounds about right.

8:38: Good play by Ian Kinsler to catch up to a ground ball off the bat of Yadier Molina for the final out of the inning. At first it looked like Kinsler was going to eat it, but then he realized a Molina was running.

8:37: Holland goes to the insider corner again to get David Freese looking for the second out. Freese isn?t pleased with home plate umpire Ron Kulpa.

8:34: Lance Berkman goes the opposite way for a double, the first hit of the evening for the Cardinals.

8:32:?Matt Holliday rung up on a fastball on the inside corner for the first out.

8:28: So much for that. Murphy put a charge in one, but Matt Holliday tracked it down near the warning track in left for the final out of the bottom of the first. It?s 1-0 Rangers as we move to the top of the second in Arlington.

8:27: Jackson walks Nelson Cruz to load the bases for David Murphy, who was moved up to seventh in the order tonight.

8:23: Adrian Beltre goes down swinging after being fooled badly on a slider. Runners on first and second with two away for Nelson Cruz.

8:21: Michael Young walks on four straight pitches. Just look at that classy stroll down to first base.

8:19: The Rangers strike first courtesy of an RBI double by Josh Hamilton. He turned around on a changeup from Edwin Jackson and yanked it into the right field corner. Andrus scampered home from first base.

8:17: Elvis Andrus singles to left for the first hit of the ballgame. Here comes the ailing Josh Hamilton.

8:15: Ian Kinsler breaks his bat on a groundout to begin the bottom of the first.

8:11: And Pujols is retired on a grounder to Elvis Andrus. It?s a 1-2-3 inning for Derek Holland to get us started.

8:10: Holland gets Allen Craig swinging for the second out. Oh boy, here comes Mr. Pujols.

8:08: Adrian Beltre snags a screaming liner off the bat of Furcal, robbing him of what was likely a leadoff double. One away.

8:07: And we?re off. Rafael Furcal fouls off the first pitch from Derek Holland.

8:03: Are we sure Zooey Deschanel can?t hang around and sing a few more tunes? Or just stand there for a while? Sigh. Anyway, first pitch is a minute or so away, so hang tight.

7:55 p.m. ET: The Cardinals hold a 2-1 advantage over the Rangers in the World Series going into Game 4 tonight in Arlington. We?ll have all the action covered in a live blog, beginning right around first-pitch at 8:05 p.m. ET.

Here are tonight?s lineups and starting pitchers, as mentioned by Drew earlier this afternoon:

ST. LOUIS CARDINALS             TEXAS RANGERS 1. Rafael Furcal, SS            1. Ian Kinsler, 2B 2. Allen Craig, RF              2. Elvis Andrus, SS 3. Albert Pujols, 1B            3. Josh Hamilton, CF 4. Matt Holliday, LF            4. Michael Young, DH 5. Lance Berkman, DH            5. Adrian Beltre, 3B 6. David Freese, 3B             6. Nelson Cruz, RF 7. Yadier Molina, C             7. David Murphy, LF 8. Jon Jay, CF                  8. Mike Napoli, C 9. Nick Punto, 2B               9. Mitch Moreland, 1B  SP Edwin Jackson, RHP           SP Derek Holland, LHP

Feel free to join the conversation in our comments section. Let?s do this.

Source: http://hardballtalk.nbcsports.com/2011/10/23/world-series-game-4-live-blog-cardinals-vs-rangers/related/

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Penn study explains paradox of insulin resistance genetics

Public release date: 25-Oct-2011
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Karen Kreeger
karen.kreeger@uphs.upenn.edu
215-349-5658
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

PHILADELPHIA - Obesity and insulin resistance are almost inevitably associated with increases in lipid accumulation in the liver, a serious disease that can deteriorate to hepatitis and liver failure. A real paradox in understanding insulin resistance is figuring out why insulin-resistant livers make more fat. Insulin resistance occurs when the body does a poor job of lowering blood sugars.

The signals to make lipid after a meal come from hormones - most notably insulin - and the direct effect of nutrients on the liver. In a recent issue of Cell Metabolism, Morris Birnbaum, MD, PhD, professor of Medicine at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, describes the pathway that insulin uses to change the levels of gene expression that control lipid metabolism. Birnbaum is also associate director of the Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism at Penn.

Since insulin normally stimulates fat synthesis in the liver, the expectation is that an insulin-resistant liver would not be able to make lipid. Insulin normally shuts off glucose output and during insulin resistance output is too high. This contributes to the high blood sugar of diabetes. In order to treat the lipid accumulation as well as the glucose abnormalities in type 2 diabetes, it is important to understand the pathways that regulate lipid metabolism.

Researchers have suggested that two transcription factors, proteins called FoxA2 and FoxO1, act downstream of, and are negatively regulated by, an enzyme stimulated by insulin called kinase Akt/PKB. Birnbaum had previously shown that this kinase is required for lipid accumulation in the liver. This system is proposed by researchers as a key determinant of liver triglyceride content, one indicator of increased lipids.

In the current study, the team used a technique of introducing mutations into specific genes to show that having these transcriptions factors turned on all the time cannot account for the protection from lipid accumulation in the liver afforded by deleting Akt2 in the liver.

The researchers showed that the major downstream path that insulin uses to regulate these genes converges with the pathways that the body uses to metabolize nutrients. In addition, another arm of insulin signaling (which is probably independent of the nutrient pathway) is also required for the increase in lipid metabolism. Another downstream target turned on by Akt, the mTORC1 protein complex, is required for the body to make lipid. Having multiple pathways is probably a way that the liver makes sure that lipid synthesis is activated only when there is an increase in nutrients and there is a signal from insulin, surmise the researchers.

"Since a therapeutic goal is to prevent this lipid accumulation, any time we identify a novel pathway it raises the hope that there is a previously unknown target out there for a new type of drug," concludes Birnbaum.

###

Penn Medicine is one of the world's leading academic medical centers, dedicated to the related missions of medical education, biomedical research, and excellence in patient care. Penn Medicine consists of the Raymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania (founded in 1765 as the nation's first medical school) and the University of Pennsylvania Health System, which together form a $4 billion enterprise.

Penn's Perelman School of Medicine is currently ranked #2 in U.S. News & World Report's survey of research-oriented medical schools and among the top 10 schools for primary care. The School is consistently among the nation's top recipients of funding from the National Institutes of Health, with $507.6 million awarded in the 2010 fiscal year.

The University of Pennsylvania Health System's patient care facilities include: The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania -- recognized as one of the nation's top 10 hospitals by U.S. News & World Report; Penn Presbyterian Medical Center; and Pennsylvania Hospital the nation's first hospital, founded in 1751. Penn Medicine also includes additional patient care facilities and services throughout the Philadelphia region.

Penn Medicine is committed to improving lives and health through a variety of community-based programs and activities. In fiscal year 2010, Penn Medicine provided $788 million to benefit our community.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 25-Oct-2011
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Karen Kreeger
karen.kreeger@uphs.upenn.edu
215-349-5658
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

PHILADELPHIA - Obesity and insulin resistance are almost inevitably associated with increases in lipid accumulation in the liver, a serious disease that can deteriorate to hepatitis and liver failure. A real paradox in understanding insulin resistance is figuring out why insulin-resistant livers make more fat. Insulin resistance occurs when the body does a poor job of lowering blood sugars.

The signals to make lipid after a meal come from hormones - most notably insulin - and the direct effect of nutrients on the liver. In a recent issue of Cell Metabolism, Morris Birnbaum, MD, PhD, professor of Medicine at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, describes the pathway that insulin uses to change the levels of gene expression that control lipid metabolism. Birnbaum is also associate director of the Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism at Penn.

Since insulin normally stimulates fat synthesis in the liver, the expectation is that an insulin-resistant liver would not be able to make lipid. Insulin normally shuts off glucose output and during insulin resistance output is too high. This contributes to the high blood sugar of diabetes. In order to treat the lipid accumulation as well as the glucose abnormalities in type 2 diabetes, it is important to understand the pathways that regulate lipid metabolism.

Researchers have suggested that two transcription factors, proteins called FoxA2 and FoxO1, act downstream of, and are negatively regulated by, an enzyme stimulated by insulin called kinase Akt/PKB. Birnbaum had previously shown that this kinase is required for lipid accumulation in the liver. This system is proposed by researchers as a key determinant of liver triglyceride content, one indicator of increased lipids.

In the current study, the team used a technique of introducing mutations into specific genes to show that having these transcriptions factors turned on all the time cannot account for the protection from lipid accumulation in the liver afforded by deleting Akt2 in the liver.

The researchers showed that the major downstream path that insulin uses to regulate these genes converges with the pathways that the body uses to metabolize nutrients. In addition, another arm of insulin signaling (which is probably independent of the nutrient pathway) is also required for the increase in lipid metabolism. Another downstream target turned on by Akt, the mTORC1 protein complex, is required for the body to make lipid. Having multiple pathways is probably a way that the liver makes sure that lipid synthesis is activated only when there is an increase in nutrients and there is a signal from insulin, surmise the researchers.

"Since a therapeutic goal is to prevent this lipid accumulation, any time we identify a novel pathway it raises the hope that there is a previously unknown target out there for a new type of drug," concludes Birnbaum.

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Penn Medicine is one of the world's leading academic medical centers, dedicated to the related missions of medical education, biomedical research, and excellence in patient care. Penn Medicine consists of the Raymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania (founded in 1765 as the nation's first medical school) and the University of Pennsylvania Health System, which together form a $4 billion enterprise.

Penn's Perelman School of Medicine is currently ranked #2 in U.S. News & World Report's survey of research-oriented medical schools and among the top 10 schools for primary care. The School is consistently among the nation's top recipients of funding from the National Institutes of Health, with $507.6 million awarded in the 2010 fiscal year.

The University of Pennsylvania Health System's patient care facilities include: The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania -- recognized as one of the nation's top 10 hospitals by U.S. News & World Report; Penn Presbyterian Medical Center; and Pennsylvania Hospital the nation's first hospital, founded in 1751. Penn Medicine also includes additional patient care facilities and services throughout the Philadelphia region.

Penn Medicine is committed to improving lives and health through a variety of community-based programs and activities. In fiscal year 2010, Penn Medicine provided $788 million to benefit our community.

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Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uops-pse102511.php

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